How Do I Know If I Had Heat Exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion is caused by working, exercising, or playing in very hot and humid weather. 

Risk factors for developing heat exhaustion include: 

• Inadequate fluid intake and dehydration
• Wearing clothing that is too heavy, too many layers, or is dark-colored 
• Direct sun exposure with no available shade
• Alcohol consumption 
• Being overweight or obese
• Low fitness level
• Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) 
• Lack of acclimatization to the heat
• Wearing sports equipment such as heavy pads or helmets
• Age (toddlers and young children and the elderly are more susceptible) 
• Fever
• Use of certain medications
  • Stimulants 
  • Diuretics 
• Lack of sleep
• Sickle cell trait

• Heat exhaustion can be diagnosed with a patient history that includes being in a hot environment, a physical examination, and a temperature reading. 
• Tests are not usually needed to diagnose heat exhaustion unless electrolyte imbalance or significant dehydration is suspected.

Treatment for heat exhaustion includes:

• Move to a cool, shaded area or go into an air-conditioned building or car
• Drink plenty of fluids 
  • Sports drinks with electrolytes may be helpful
  • Avoid caffeine and alcohol
• Apply active cooling measures
  • Sit in front of a fan 
  • Take a cool shower or bath
  • Place a cold pack or cool compress on the neck, armpits, or groin
• Remove excess clothing or tight clothing